Appendix B
Page 7
stored at 40° to 50° C (104° to 122° F). A new bottle should be taken on each major trip
or changed every 3 to 6 months. Halazone has been replaced by newer tablet
formulations of chlorine.
Chlorination-flocculation
Tablets contain alum and 1.4% available chlorine in the form of dichloroisocyanurate
(sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione) with proprietary flocculating agents. Bicarbonate in the
tablets promotes rapid dissolution and acts as a buffer. One 600-mg tablet yields 8 mg/L
of free chlorine.
Testing by the U.S. military demonstrated biocidal effectiveness similar to iodine
tablets under most conditions.{Powers, 1993 #282;Powers, 1992 #280;Powers, 1994
#283} Extended contact time was necessary for complete viral removal in some of the
tests. Because of the ability to flocculate turbid water, the action was superior to iodine in
some poor-quality water.
Chlor-floc (Deatrick & Associates, Alexandria, VA)
30 tablets
individually sealed in foil packets; weight 1.6 oz.; capacity: 30 L (8 gal);
Price:
$7
Chlor-Floc is widely available through military surplus and survival websites
AquaPure and AquaCure are other brands that may be available.
Proctor and Gamble has developed a packet with chlorination and flocculation
powder called PUR Purifier of Water that is now available to large relief organization
for use outside the United States in disaster and conflict situations. They will also begin
distributing for individual users in the developing counties.
