Appendix B
Page 13
The chemistry of generating chlorine dioxide through a similar method is well described.
The company is responding to concerns raised by the EPA, so product is still pending
EPA approval as a purifier in the U.S. It does have limited approval now for bacteria. The
Canadian product makes full claims, including Cryptosporidium. Testing data will be
available from the company when EPA approval is obtained. It will be important to note
the persistence of the active disinfectant. Given the volatility of chlorine dioxide and
slow reaction times, concentrations may be variable due to mixing process and time
delay. Likely the EPA delay is related to performance in cold and dirty "worst case" test
water, which may be an issue in disaster situations, but is not often encountered by
wilderness users.
McNett is exploring other formulations of chlorine dioxide. They are currently
developing large scale systems for relief organizations.
Chlorine dioxide and mixed species disinfection
Miox Purifier, marketed by MSR
http://www.miox.com/
http://www.msrcorp.com/filters/pump_free.asp
See Disinfection Devices (Appendix X) for more information on this product,
which uses salt and an electrical current from camera batteries to generate chlorine
dioxide, free chlorine species, and perhaps other disinfectants such as ozone.
Passing a current through a simple brine salt solution generates free available
chlorine, as well as other "mixed species" disinfectants that have been demonstrated
effective against bacteria, viruses, and bacterial spores.{Rutala, 2001 #356} The process
