s k i n p h y s i o l o g y
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Subcutaneous Layer
The subcutaneous layer (also called the subcutis
or the subdermis) is located beneath the dermis
and is composed primarily of adipose (fatty)
tissue. The body's cushioning acts as a shock
absorber and insulator to protect the bones and
help support other delicate structures.
The subcutaneous layer also contains some
components of the sweat glands and some
sensory nerves that recognize touch, pressure
and temperature, but it is mainly composed of
adipose cells and loose connective tissue.
Depending on genetics, nutrition, exercise
and the general health of the body, varying
amounts of fat cells are found in the sub-
cutaneous layer. The adipose tissue cells of
this layer give contour and shape to the body
and serve as an emergency reservoir for
nutrients and water as
well as an energy
source. Subcutaneous
fat storage is partly
controlled by
hormones, which
accounts for some of
the differences in body
contour between men
and women, and our
decrease in size as we
age. The subcutaneous
layer gives skin its independence of movement.
Subcutaneous tissue, a collection of different
cells, separates skin from muscle.
Salon Fundamentals
TM
Esthetics
TISSUE TYPES
There are five types of tissue found in the skin:
1. Epithelial epidermis
2. Connective dermis
3. Muscular muscles
4. Nerve nerves
5. Liquid blood and lymph
Four examples of connective tissue include:
·
Collagen and elastin, which attach the
dermis to the subcutaneous tissue.
·
Ligaments, which hold bones to other
bones (to form joints).
·
Tendons, which "tie" muscles to bones.
·
Cartilage, which lines the parts of the
bone that would otherwise rub against
each other in joints.
