Pivot Point International, Inc. SFE Textbook changes Page 11
Salon Fundamentals
TM
Esthetics
THE HEART
a n a t o m y
153
5
Pericardium 1
Right Atrium 2
Right Ventricle 4
3 Left Atrium
5 Left Ventricle
The Cardiovascular System
The cardiovascular system transports blood
through arteries, veins and capillaries, and
combines with the lymph system to maintain
steady circulation of the blood.
1. Pericardium (per-i-KAR-dee-um) is the tough
outer membrane that encases the heart.
2. Right atrium (AY-tree-um) is commonly
referred to as the right auricle.
3. Left atrium is commonly referred to as the
left auricle.
4. Right ventricle (VEN-tri-kel) is the lower
right chamber of the heart.
5. Left ventricle is the lower left chamber
of the heart.
The heart is a fist-sized, cone-shaped, muscular organ located in the chest cavity. It is entirely encased
in a membrane called the pericardium. The heart contracts and relaxes to force blood to move through
the circulatory system. The interior of the heart contains four chambers: The upper chambers consist
of the right atrium and the left atrium. The right and the left atrium are commonly referred to as the
right and the left auricles. The lower chambers consist of the right ventricle and the left ventricle.
A normal heart beats 60 to 80 times per minute, according to impulses received from the
sympathetic nervous system and the vagus (tenth cranial nerve), which helps regulate
the heartbeat.
