ALERT!
A double-flat end paper technique incorporates two end papers, one on the top
and one on the bottom. It is the most common end paper technique because it
allows you maximum control of tapered ends and avoids bunching the ends. Note
that longer end papers are available for this technique.
· Position the first end paper under the strand, past the ends of the hair.
· Position the second end paper on top of the strand, slightly past the first
end paper.
A cushion end paper technique incorporates several end papers. It begins with
a double-flat technique and then additional end papers are positioned on top of
the strand as you wrap the tool. This technique is known as cushion wrapping
because it provides an extra layer of protection between the revolutions of hair
wrapped around the rod. It is recommended for chemically treated or highly
porous hair to allow even absorption of the solutions and is used primarily in alka-
line waving to keep the hair smooth and provide for expansion when the hair
swells.
· Wrap the rod to within 1/4" (.66 cm) of the end of the first two papers.
Place a paper on the top of the strand overlapping the first paper.
· Wrap the hair toward the scalp. Continue the cushion technique up the
strand as needed.
When using multiple end papers, it is important to rinse and blot the hair thoroughly
since the extra papers hold more moisture. Water left in the end papers after rinsing
the perm solution will dilute the neutralizer and weaken the curl formation.
Base Size
The area between two partings for an indi-
vidual perm rod is called a base, panel,
blocking or subsection. It is important that
the base is not longer than the length of the
rod being used. If the base is longer than the
rod length, excess hair at both ends of the
rod will be dragged toward the center. This
extended drag creates an uneven curl pat-
tern that is wider at both ends than it is in
the center.
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SALON FUNDAMENTALS
1 x
1-1/2 x
2 x
