I
NSTRUCTIONS TO
A
UTHORS
8
85
5
cate) that illustrate an ophthalmic condition, a surgical
or laser procedure, or the management of a case. The
photographs and legends standing alone should ade-
quately present the point, but to enhance the presenta-
tion, a case history or clinical description of no more
than 350 words and a maximum of 5 references is
required. No abstract is needed.
FOR ALL CATEGORIES OF ARTICLES
REFERENCES
The references are to be cited consecutively in the
text in superscript Arabic numerals and listed in numer-
ical order at the end of the text, following the discussion.
Once a reference is cited, all subsequent citations to it
should use the original reference number.
Authors are responsible for bibliographic accuracy
and must check every reference in the manuscript and
proofread each reference in the page proofs. Authors
must have read cited works. Authors should not assume
the accuracy of citations taken from a database or from
the reference list of another publication; each reference
should be verified from its source.
No more than six authors should be listed; references
with more than six authors should list the first three fol-
lowed by et al. "In press" articles may be cited by num-
ber and included in the reference list identified as "in
press.'' Unpublished observations, including manuscripts
"in preparation'' or "submitted'' and personal communi-
cations should be cited parenthetically in the text and not
numbered or included in the references. Reference for-
mat and abbreviations of journal names should follow
Index Medicus.
R
Reeffeerreen
nccee E
Exxaam
mp
plleess
Journal article (example is one with more than six
authors):
Iber FL, McGonagle T, Serebro HA, et al.
Unidirectional sodium flux in small intestine in experi-
mental canine cholera. Am J Med Sci. 1969;58:340-350.
Book:
Boyd W. Pathology for the Physician, 7th ed.
Philadelphia, PA: Lea & Febiger; 1965:207.
Chapter:
Caster WC. The study of connective tissue. In:
Hollander JL, ed. Arthritis and Allied Conditions, 7th ed.
Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Febiger; 1966:57-64.
TABLES
Each table should be word-processed, double-
spaced, including all headings, on a separate sheet of 8-
1/2 x 11 inch paper. Larger sized paper should not be
used. If all material cannot be included on one sheet, a
second sheet should be employed with all headings and
subheadings repeated.
Each table should have an appropriate title. Lines
should not be used to indicate spacing. Each column
should be given a short abbreviated heading. Explanatory
matter should be listed in footnotes, not in the heading.
All necessary information must be contained in the
caption and the table itself so that it can be understood
independently of the text. Information contained in the
text should not be repeated in a table and vice-versa. If data
from another published or unpublished study are used, per-
mission must be obtained and acknowledged fully.
ILLUSTRATIONS
Illustrations should clarify and augment the text.
Original artwork should be retained by the author.
Illustrations should be unmounted and professionally
drawn or photographed; freehand or typewritten lettering
is unacceptable. Photographs should be high contrast,
glossy prints. Figure number, name of first author, and
arrow indicating "top'' should be typed on a gummed
label and affixed to the back of each illustration. All let-
tering must be legible after reduction to column size.
Previously published figures are rarely appropriate,
but if submitted, it is the author's responsibility to obtain
permission to reprint from both the author and the orig-
inal publisher; letters of permission must accompany the
original submission. A letter of consent must accompany
photographs of patients in which a likelihood of identi-
fication exists.
Authors are requested, whenever possible, to submit
their manuscript figures in an electronic format in addi-
tion to providing the required sets of printed figures.
Having electronic files of figures available can expedite
the review process and, in the event of acceptance of a
manuscript, can facilitate manuscript handling and may
provide for optimal publication quality. Files should be
provided on universally readable compact disks.
The required format is .tiff or .eps at 300 dpi reso-
lution. If images are to print in color, CMYK format
must be used. For black and white images, a grayscale
must be employed. Figures submitted in other formats
must be converted by the publisher and loss of resolution
and/or detail in final printing may occur.
Images should not be embedded in text files. Each
image must be a separate, stand-alone file, named to
match the figure number listed in the text. Figure leg-
ends, headings, or captions should not be included in the
graphic file.
