Almaz Akunov
1
, Akpay Sarybaev
1
, Mirsaid Mirrakhimov
1
. National Centre of Cardiology and
Internal Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
1
.
The aim of the study was to investigate right ventricular diastolic function (RVDF) in
highlanders (HL) with high altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH) and high altitude cor
pulmonale (HACP). Subjects - 36 HL with HAPH (mean pulmonary arterial pressure 25 mm Hg)
aged 21 to 68 yrs, residing at altitudes of 2900-3600m. According to evidence of right ventricular
hypertrophy (RVH) they were divided into 2 groups: 16 HL with RVH (high altitude cor
pulmonale -HACP) and 20 HL without RVH (HAPH). 15 age matched apparently healthy HL
without HAPH serve as control (CG). All investigations were performed at altitude of 3000m.
Pulmonary circulation and diastolic function were evaluated by 2-dimensional and Doppler
echocardiography.
1. CG
2.
HAPH
3.
HACP
P1-2<
P1-
3<
P2-
3<
E/A
1.56±0.1
1.38±0.1
1.01±0.1
0.061
0.00
0
0.00
0
IVRT,
msec
68.3±1.0
89±1.5
96.9±2.1
0.000
0.00
0
0.00
4
DT, msec
143.9±2.
0
157.8±3.
3
170.9±3.
4
0.001
0.00
0
0.00
7
Legend. E - transtricuspidal flow in early diastole, A - transtricuspidal flow in late diastole,
IVRT - isovolumic relaxation time, DT - deceleration time. Thus in HL with HAPH alterations of
RVDF are observed, most severe in presence of RVH.
199.
CARDIOPULMONARY ADAPTATION TO HIGH-ALTITUDE IN MAMMALS. Akio
SAKAI
1
, Tomonobu KOIZUMI
2
, Takeshi ISHIZAKI
3
, Takaaki MATSUMOTO
4
, Zong RUAN
2
,
Zhan Gang WANG
5
, Qiu Hong CHEN
5
, Xiao Qin WANG
5
. Department of Sports Medicine,
Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto,
3
90-86
21
Japan
1
, Department of Internal
Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto,
3
90-86
21
Japan
2
, Department of
Fundamental Nursing, Fukui University, Fukui, 9
1
0-
11
9
3
Japan
3
, Department of Physiology, Aichi
Medical University, Nagakute-machi, Aichi-gun, Aichi
4
80-
11
9
5
Japan
4
, High Altitude Medical
Institute of Qinghai, China
5
.
SAKAI_233.pdf The Tibetan-sheep, Pika, and Yak live in the Tibetan highlands to an
altitude of 6100m and are typical animals adapted to high-altitude among mammals of the world.
These animals have a long history of habitation at high altitude and are considered to be "animals
completely adapted to high-altitudes" based on their physiological and morphological traits.
When animals are exposed to a high-altitude over a long period, the pulmonary artery pressure
(Ppa) elevates because of an increase in the hematocrit (Ht) associated with an increase in the red
blood cell count and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), causing pulmonary
hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy. These responses depend on the marked individual
and species differences. The present study was designed to evaluate the physiological
characteristics of high-altitude adaptation of Tibetan-sheep, Pika, and Yak. As the comparative
study, rats and pigs were used. This study was comprised following three experiments: (1)
comparison of cardiopulmonary homodynamic changes among the five species living at different
altitude (from 0m to 4660m above sea level), (2) assessing changes in the pulmonary
homodynamic during exposure to simulatedaltitudes at 0, 2300, and 4500m using the climatic
chamber, (3) estimating the nitric oxide synthesis (NOS) inhibition on pulmonary homodynamic
for the five species. The primary items of measurements were systemic artery pressure (Psa), Ppa,
Ht, left ventricular weight (LVW), right ventricular weight (RVW), and blood gas profile. The
principal findings of this studies were: (1) Ht, an index of right ventricular hypertrophy
(RVW/LVW), Ppa, and the ratio of the right to left ventricular work rate (Ppa/Psa) were
increased depending on the elevation of living altitude in all species. But these altitude-dependent
changes were significantly smaller in the Tibetan-sheep, Pika, and Yak compared with pig or rat,
