171.
PECULIARITIES ADAPTATION MECHANISM TO MOUNTAIN ALTITUDE CONDITIONS
IN SOUSLIKS . Beloshitsky Pavel
1
. Medical and Biological Station, NAS Ukraine
1
.
had an aim to study differences in erythrocyte quantities, mean erythrocyte volume,
erythrocyte content, haematocrite index, circulated blood volume, electrophoretic mobility of
protein hemolysis fractions, cytochromoxidase and copperoxidase activities, index of transferrin
saturation by ferrum in blood serum, general oxygen consumption, etc. on Caucasus mountain
sousliks (Spermophilus musicus Menetries, Caucasus) caught at altitudes of 1200m and 2250m
(group A), and neighboring valley sousliks Spermophilus pygmaeus Pallas (North Caucasus). We
also studied sousliks spotted (Citellus suslica, Ukrainian steppes) in process of their step
adaptation after long-term life in natural Caucasus conditions at 3000m altitude (group B). It was
registered that in group B capacity of systems responsible for oxygen transportation and
utilization increased during adaptation process in mountain conditions. Essential distinction
evidenced about the differences in adaptation mechanisms in A and B groups revealed during
comparison of their functional indexes. In B increased erythrocyte quantities and hemoglobin
content, in A increased circulated blood volume at relatively low hemoglobin concentration.
Evidently this adaptation mechanism was secured during the long evolution process, it is optimal
for power inputs. We consider that physiological expediency of this adaptation change may be
revealed only in cases of capillary network increase, and relative cardiac mass increase.
Morphological investigations confirmed this hypothesis. Oxygen consumption intensity is high in
B, in A -relatively low. Relatively low intensity of oxygen consumption in A cannot be explained
by decreased oxygen necessity is important for life organs. So, all these sousliks were very
suitable object for study of differences in genotypic and phenotypic adaptation to hypoxybaria
because of physiological peculiarities of animals spreading in vertical direction and living in
burrows at similar altitudes were determined by partial oxygen pressure mainly. Other factors
(temperature, solar radiation, etc.) were insignificant.
172.
MATHEMATIC MODEL FOR HYPOXIC STATES DEVELOPMENT FOR HEALTHY
PEOPLE AND ONES WITH ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (IHD) . Beloshitsky Pavel
1
,
Onopchuck Yuri
1
, Klyuchko Elena
1
, Onopchuck Galina
1
. Elbrus Medical And Biological Station,
NAS Ukraine
1
.
The purpose of our work was to forecast for IHD and healthy people the level of functioning
reliability for all organism and separate organs (heart as well) in mountain conditions. A model of
functional respiratory system (FRS) is the most suitable for the theoretical investigation of
hypoxic states at IHD people. Because FRS model was developed for the healthy statistically
averaged person, its individualization for each patient with own anthropometric is determined by
the main systemic parameters: outer respiration, blood circulation at quietness and loading. Four-
camera heart model with coronary vessels to each camera and dribble vessels was used for the
simulation purposes and estimation of coronary vessels damage level. At this model some
experiments were simulated and some sensitivity indices that were selected for hypoxia and
hypercapnia in a way to coincide the data obtained in experiment and during mathematical
simulation. A mathematical model shows the ways of heart ischemia compensation - increase of
the blood oxygen capacity, increase of its buffer base concentrations (these ways cannot prevent
successfully the oxygen deficiency because they are followed by the worsening of reological
indices), and reinforcement of outer respiration function. In the mathematical model are taken
into account the adaptation periods and linked with them changes in resources of dynamic system
control, capillarization increase, hypertrophy of cardiac muscle. Model shows the IHD
development for people with the left heart hypertrophy at the decrease of functional loadings or
during descending to the valley (loss of previously necessary resilience, etc. happen). So,
suggested model gives a possibility to solve not only theoretical but practical tasks as well:
quantitative estimation and forecasting of the human functional possibilities (including IHD) at
different altitudes.
