Chunhua Jiang
1
, Yu Zhai
1
, Qiquan Zhou
1
. Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude
Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chong
1
.
Objective To analyze the physiological factors related to AMS and to establish a multiple
linear regression model for predicting AMS. Methods 113 men aged 19±1 years took part in this
study. At first, the experimental tests were done at sea level. These tests included the
measurement of pulmonary function by_max229D spirometer, the physiological responses to
breathing a hypoxic gas mixture (10% O2) for 10 minutes, recording the amount of urine at
different time point after drinking 1000ml water in a short time, the response to breath holding,
assaying serum cortisol by RIA, measurement of chest volume, and other tests. Then, the
symptomatic scores of benign form of AMS were recorded at Lhasa (3658m). Independent t test
and Pearson correlation were used to evaluate the factors related to AMS and develop a
prediction model for AMS using multivariate linear regression. Results: Chest volume, forced
vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1s, peak expiratory flow, and the amount of urine at
1.5h, 2h and 2.5h after drinking 1000ml water, as well as the heart rate at 7th min were
significantly related to AMS. The prediction model for AMS was as follows: AMS score (y)
=16.108 - 0.00304 A_ -0.441_B - 0.0487 C_ - 0.240_D where A is the amount of urine at 2.5h
after drinking 1000ml water, B is PEF, C is the heart rate at 7th min during breathing hypoxic
gas, and D is chest volume. For this equation, the F value = 5.889, p=0.000, r=0.423, and
thestandard error of the estimate=2.695. Conclusion: Lung function, urine excretion after
drinking 1000ml water, the heart rate at 7th min during hypoxia breathing and the chest volume
are to be considered the factors for prediction of AMS. (By grant of 01L062).
90.
AIM HIGH: GENOMICS AND HIGH ALTITUDE MEDICINE. Yang Huan-Ming
1
. Beijing
Genomics Institute, CAS, Beijing
1
.
The completion of the Human Genome Project (HGP) has ushered life sciences and medicine
into the genomic era by providing an extraordinary trove of information freely available in the
public databases and powerful tools applicable to identification of genes related to pathogenesis
of human diseases. More importantly, it also allows identification of sequence variants that are
important to disease susceptibility and to maintenance of health, particularly in the presence of
known or unknown environmental factors like living at high altitude. Genomics-based
technologies, such as genome sequencing, microarray, genotyping and proteomics, as well as
comparative genomics and bioinformatics, are also rapidly permeating biomedical research,
providing insights into elucidation of biological pathways, shedding light on diagnostics and
clinical management. There is increasing evidence for the genetic involvement in high altitude
illness, which is related to the genetic adaptation of the oxygen transport system to high altitude
by natural selection. Candidate genes, including hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha, genes encoding
components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) such as the angiotensin converting enzyme
(ACE) gene, the angiotensin II receptor (type 1) gene (AGTR1) and the renin gene, have been
explored for their involvement in high altitude hypoxia. It is critical for us to further identify
candidate genes and compare the frequencies of various combinations of alleles of genes
(haplotypes) or other functional elements between high altitude and sea level populations. High
altitude medicine will open anew avenue with genomics. Genomics should expand its reach to the
high altitude environment.
91.
STUDY OF TELOMERASE ACTIVITY IN HIGH ALTITUDE POLYCYTHEMIA. Geng Hui
1
,
Jia Nai-Yong
2
. Dept. of Hematology,Qinghai Medical College Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, P.R.
China.
1
, Dept. of Hematology,Qinghai Medical College Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China.
2
.
It is well known that there is a close relationship between changes in telomerase activity and
the development of cancer, cell proliferation and cell senium ?senescence, but the pathogenesis of
the disease of excessive erythrocytosis HAPC (high altitude polycythemia) is not well
understood. We studied the telomerase activity of bone marrow cells from HAPC patients. In
these patients, the telomerase and hemoglobin (Hb) levels were increased noticeably compared
